Australia, once known as new south wales, was originally planned as a penal colony. Percentage of surveyed australians who believe australia day has always been held on 26 january. Australia is the smallest continent of the world which is surrounded by the indian and the pacific oceans. On sunday 26 january 2020 nsw will host a program of events built on the values which define us as. Most australians celebrate australia day as the day australia was founded.
Australia facts for kids learn all about australia. Australia day is the official national day of australia. In all, about 160 000 men and women were brought to australia as convicts from 1788 until penal transportation ended in 1868. The evolution of australia day controversy bbc news. In 1831, western australia became the second colony, followed by south australia in 1836, victoria in 1851, tasmania in 1856, and queensland in 1859. The date of reconciliation day has some significance for australia. The construction of australia day opus at uts university of. Australia theme lesson plans, thematic units, printables.
On these days flags can be seen in the streets attached to cars, in shop windows and on an endless array. As australia has developed culturally and politically, so too has australia day. Includes a set of multiple choice and a set of short answer. Fish swim around branching coral in the great barrier reef in australia. Each people spoke one or more of hundreds of separate languages, with lifestyles and cultural traditions that differed according to the region in which they lived. Celebrated annually on 26 january, it marks the anniversary of the 1788 arrival of the first fleet of british ships at port jackson, new south wales, and the raising of the flag of great britain at sydney cove by governor arthur phillip.
Each year our nation celebrates the achievements and contributions of eminent australians through the australian of the year awards. In october 1786, the british government appointed arthur phillip captain of the hms sirius, and commissioned him. Publication date 1916 topics australia history publisher london, new york etc. The jubilee the regatta became the greatest attraction of the. This event brings iso committee members and electronic document and accessibility professionals together to discuss the significance of iso standards for pdf as well as the technology and solutions available to business users of pdf documents in conjunction with a scheduled meeting of iso. And we were giving greater recognition to aboriginal and torres strait islander peoples in our history. The history of earth every year on april 22, earth day marks the anniversary of the birth of the modern environmental movement in 1970. The idea was born out of an australian bicentenary event, cleanup lake macquarie, which was instigated in 1987 by ivan welsh as mayor of lake macquarie. Date 1 month 2 month 3 month 4 month 5 month 6 month 18052020 0. As we prepare to mark 50 years of earth day in 2020, lets take a look at the last halfcentury of mobilization for action. Many aussies are adamant australia day has always been celebrated on january 26, the moment british boots landed on aussie soil but this isnt actually the case. Australia day is a public holiday held on 26 january every year in australia.
Only from 1994 did australian states and territories begin to celebrate australia day consistently as. Australia day is australias national day commemorating january 26, 1788, the date on which captain arthur phillip raised the flag of great britain and proclaimed a colonial outpost of the. Australia day is an established and significant day in the national calendar with 4 in 5 australians seeing it as more than a day off and over 16,000 people choosing it to become new citizens each year. History of australia day on january 26, 1788 the first fleet under captain arthur phillip arrived at sydney cove in australia and claimed the land for great britain. The theme for australia day in 2011 was celebrate whats great even though the national australia day web site acknowledges that many indigenous australians refer to 26 january as survival day or invasion day nadc 2011b, and the official history of australia day.
This article discusses the history of australia from the arrival of european explorers in the 16th century to the present. One hundred years later, on 26 january 1938, a date by then called australia day, a group of 100 mostly aboriginal and torres strait islander peoples, led by the aborigines progressive association, met at australian hall in sydney for a day of mourning protest and passed a resolution calling for equal rights. For example, some indigenous australians call the date. Formation of melbourne anarchist club may 1, 1886, see latter day witches for a contextual description of the club and the impact of the haymarket tragedy on anarchism in australia. Every year, on january 26, australians celebrate our national day with a. Australia country profile national geographic kids. The tradition of having australia day as a national holiday on 26 january is a recent one. Australia is the only country in the world that covers an entire continent. The rum rebellion of 1808 was the only successful armed takeover of government in australian history.
The governor of new south wales, william bligh, was deposed by the new south wales corps under the command of major george johnston, working closely with john macarthur, on 26 january 1808, 20 years to the day. The many different dates weve celebrated australia day. Research in 2009 indicated that australians reflect on history and future fairly equally on. This collection of resources highlight the celebrations of what is means to be australian, while supplying activities which explain the history of immigration and the impact on aboriginal and torrest strait islander people. The first argument puts the case that choosing 26 january to celebrate ignores more than 60,000 years of australian history, and is choosing a. What our leaders say about australia day and where did. Percentage who could accurately name the historical event that occurred on 26 january. The fleet arrived in sydney harbour on 26 january 1788, and it is on this day every year that australia day is celebrated. Not until 1935 did all the australian states and territories use the name australia day to mark 26 january. In contrast, aboriginal people mourn their history and call it invasion day. The northern territory was, for some time, part of south australia and later the responsibility of the federal government, achieving selfgovernment in 1978. In 1984 it became the national australia day council, based in sydney, with a stronger emphasis on sponsorship.
It is celebrated to remember the day that the first fleet landed in australia. We have gathered the complete set of australia facts for kids which will give kids a brief overview about the of australia as a continent and as a country. It consolidates prior knowledge and learning about australian history and shows the usefulness of historical knowledge in contemporary contexts. A short history of australia by scott, ernest, sir, 18681939. After defeating the forces of dictator general fulgencio batista, fidel castro became premier of cuba this day in 1959 and transformed the island country into the western hemispheres first communist state.
Then in september, a third melbourne council moreland voted in favour of dropping all references to australia day and joined the push to change the date of our national celebration. Social studies australia worksheets page 1 abcteach. Five kinds of races, including one for whale boats, drew crowds to the shore of sydney harbour. Resource pack this resource is part of the australia day teaching resource pack. Clean up australia day was first held in january 1989. In this unit, students will build new schema and reinforce prior knowledge about various. Fifty years later, in 1938, while sydney conducted a weeklong celebration for the 150th anniversary of the planting of the british flag in sydney cove, about 100 aboriginal people gathered in. In 1935, anniversary day officially became known as australia day and was promoted as a day for national unity. It took until the 1940s for australia to get its national holiday in place and it. The boxing day cricket test match is an annual event watched on television by many residents. After overcoming a period of hardship, the fledgling colony began to celebrate the anniversary of this date with great fanfare. Australia day teaching resources a resource collection themed for australia day.
Australia day become a day for all australians to enjoy. The commonwealth government established a national australia day committee in canberra to make future celebrations truly national and australiawide. The incomplete, true, authentic and wonderful history of may day on. Australia day elem printable worksheet in the classroom or at home. Australia day is a national public holiday on the 26th of january, the anniversary of the arrival of the first fleet in australia. Australian history timeline teaching resource teach starter. The national australian flag is most often flown by the general public on celebrated days of australian history such as australia day january 26 or on days of remembrance such as anzac day april 25. A look back at the historical facts and what they continue to represent helps shed light on why the date remains divisive. Before the arrival of european settlers, aboriginal and torres strait islander peoples inhabited most areas of the australian continent. For a more detailed discussion of aboriginal culture, see australian aboriginal peoples. The convicts were joined by free immigrants from the early 1790s.
Earth day 1970 gave a voice to an emerging public consciousness about the state. Then followed the local clean up sydney harbour event in 1989 with more than 40,000 volunteers who collected some 5,000. During the 19th century, it was widely referred to as the great rebellion. On that day in 1788, 11 convict ships from great britain landed at port jackson in new south wales, where governor arthur phillip raised the british flag. Download this resource and 27 other resources in the complete pack. Biography of chummy fleming an instigator of may day celebrations in melbourne. Australia day, 26 january, is the day to reflect on what it means to be australian, to celebrate contemporary australia and to acknowledge our history. On 26 january 1788 british people landed at sydney cove and began a british convict settlement some people do not believe that australia day should be celebrated on this date. These moves followed the city of freemantles 2016 decision to cancel its australia day fireworks display, in favour of a. A time for people of all backgrounds and cultures to listen, engage and discuss what we love about our country, what we hope to change and where were heading as a nation.
The history of valentines dayand the story of its patron saintis shrouded in mystery. On this day in 1788, captain arthur phillip first raised the british flag at sydney cove, marking the british occupation of australia which has been claimed 8. It took over the coordinating role of the federal australia day council. Liddle says that if the full spectrum of australias post1788 history was acknowledged, including the many and ongoing injustices to aboriginal and torres strait islander peoples, australia day. It was, the official newspaper, the sydney gazette reported, a day entirely devoted to pleasure. Using the internet, students will draw the flag of australia, identify and label australias major cities, and become familiar with facts about australias tourists attractions and culture.
A two page text on the history and cultural activities celebrated during australias annual australia day, january 26. Australia day commemorates the arrival of the first fleet of 11 convict ships from britain. Students will create a travel brochure for australia. An odd twist to the australia day story is that the main protagonists to unify the colonies into a federation of states was an organisation called the australian natives association. Australia day, on 26 january, commemorates the day in 1788 when captain arthur phillip, commander of the first fleet of 11 british ships, arrived at sydney cove to signal the birth of the colony.
The first fleet was made up mostly of prisoners who established a penal colony in australia. It wasnt until 1935 that all states adopted a common date and name for australia day to be held on january 26. Of course, the small issue of convicts still proved somewhat problematic when it came to acknowledging and celebrating the history. Australia day is a time to acknowledge the contribution of all australians. Other articles where history of australia is discussed. On january 26, 1788, captain arthur phillip guides a fleet of 11 british ships carrying convicts to the colony of new south wales, effectively founding australia. Australia day is celebrated on 26 january to commemorate british settlement, and many capital cities host a fireworks event. We do know that february has long been celebrated as a month of romance, and that st. Students use the worksheet to record details about four significant events in australian history.
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